How should pregnant or nursing women or women who experience menstruation during Ramadan make up the fast?

In addition, what if they have amassed so many days from previous years that it has become too difficult for them?

Answer:

Pregnant or breastfeeding women may be exempt from fasting if their physician advises against it due to potential risks to their health or the health of their baby. Similarly, women experiencing postnatal bleeding are not required to fast during this period. However, all individuals in these circumstances must make up for their missed fasts later.  

If making up the fasts becomes difficult due to frequent pregnancies or ongoing health issues, they may offer fidya (a compensatory act of feeding the needy) instead. Should their circumstances change and they are later able to fast, they are encouraged to make up for the missed days.  

For those who have missed numerous fasts due to various challenges, they should strive to make up for them when possible. If doing so proves too difficult, they may fulfill their obligation by offering fidya as an alternative.